Co-Viewing and Emotional Synchrony in Older Adult Dyads: A Multimodal Exploratory Study
Delacourt, B., Raed El Aoun, M., Hidalgo, S., Vallet, G., Ansaldo, A.
Frontiers in Psychology, section Psychology of Aging
Publications
Articles, livres et chapitres du laboratoire
2026
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback and Implica:ons for Tinnitus, PTSD and Chronic Pain in Veterans: A Scoping Review
Mainville, M.-O., Lacasse-Rioux, E., Norena, A., Vallet, G. T., Fournier, P.
Frontiers in Audiology and Otology, section Tinnitus, 4, 1917408
Résumé
Introduction Tinnitus, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and chronic pain are prevalent chronic conditions among veterans and frequently co-occur. These conditions have been associated with alterations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning. Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) is a non-pharmacological intervention intended to modulate autonomic regulation. This scoping review aimed to identify HRVB interventions used for tinnitus, PTSD, and chronic pain in veterans and evaluate the extent and characteristics of the existing evidence in this population. Materials and methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Studies examining the effects of HRVB, alone or in combination with other non-pharmacological interventions, on chronic symptoms in veteran-only populations were included. Results Of 69 records identified, five studies met inclusion criteria. Four studies examined HRVB in relation to PTSD symptoms, with mixed findings: two reported improvements in overall PTSD symptoms, while one reported reduction limited to intrusion symptoms. One study also reported improvements in depressive symptoms. A single study examined chronic pain outcomes and reported reductions in perceived pain following HRVB training. No studies investigated HRVB in relation to tinnitus. Across studies, small sample sizes, methodological heterogeneity, and variability in HRV measurement approaches limited comparability and interpretation of findings. Conclusion Current evidence on HRVB in veterans is limited and does not allow conclusions regarding its efficacy as a standalone intervention for PTSD or chronic pain, although it may have potential as an adjunctive or supportive approach. Notably, no studies have examined HRVB in relation to tinnitus in veterans. These findings highlight the need for rigorously designed studies to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and potential relevance of HRVB in well-characterized veteran populations, including those with tinnitus and co-occurring conditions.
Cognitive Dispersion in the Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum
Marsault, J.†, Vallet, G., Joubert, S.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 1-12
Résumé
Abstract Objectives: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may represent the earliest observable stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet identifying individuals at risk of progressing remains challenging. Cognitive dispersion, or intra-individual variability (IIV-D), may serve as a sensitive early marker. This study examined IIV-D across diagnostic groups, focusing on SCD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) progressors (SCD-p, aMCI-p; progressing to a more advanced disease stage) versus non-progressors (SCD-np, aMCI-np; not progressing to a more advanced stage). We expected greater IIV-D across groups (AD > aMCI > SCD > controls) and in progressors. Methods: A total of 308 participants aged 65–94 (67 healthy controls [HC], 126 SCD, 79 aMCI, 36 AD) from the Consortium for the Early Identification of Alzheimer’s Disease – Quebec (CIMA-Q) were included. SCD and aMCI participants were followed for up to eight years (34 SCD-p, 92 SCD-np; 29 aMCI-p, 50 aMCI-np). Analyses of covariance assessed baseline across- and verbal memory within-domain IIV-D, maximum discrepancy (MD), and domain-specific deviation. Results: IIV-D increased with disease severity (HC = SCD < aMCI < AD). Among SCD participants, progressors showed greater episodic memory deviation than non-progressors, primarily driven by poorer Logical Memory delayed recall. In aMCI, progressors showed higher IIV-D across all indices (across- and within-domain, IIV-D and MD), with domain-specific differences limited to episodic memory. Conclusions: These findings indicate that IIV-D measures distinguish aMCI progressors from non-progressors, although they do not appear to enhance predictive accuracy for progression to AD and may not yet be a reliable marker at the SCD stage.
Do Visual Details Drive Memory? Role of the Visuo-Spatial Frequencies in Mnemonic Discrimination
Mille, J.†, Ramanoël, S., Vallet, G. T.
Quaterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
Résumé
Memory is a dynamic reconstruction process, emphasizing the importance of assessing not only that an event occurred but also its details (i.e., memory accuracy). Recent studies have suggested that reconstructing accurate memories requires discriminating overlapping memory traces, a process known as pattern separation (PS). PS is typically studied through tasks involving the discrimination of visual lures, highlighting the contribution of visual processes to PS. Two main types of visual processing should be considered (high spatial frequencies [HSF]; and low spatial frequencies [LSF]), and it remains unclear whether these processes contribute equally to the discrimination of visual lures. This preregistered study examined the impact of spatial frequencies on mnemonic discrimination using a mnemonic similarity task. We hypothesized that HSF, which process the fine analysis of information, would be more involved than LSF, which process the coarse analysis of information, in discriminating targets from similar lures. Forty young participants had to recognize visual stimuli under three spatial frequency conditions: LSF images, HSF images, and a no-filter (NF) condition. The results showed that the lure discrimination index was lower for the LSF images than for the NF condition. LSF images also resulted in fewer false recognitions of lures and more target misses compared to HSF images and the NF condition. These results suggest that HSF support mnemonic discrimination more than LSF but also contribute more broadly to the overall richness of memory traces. This study contributes to theoretical models of memory by highlighting the importance of rich visual information for accurate memory.
Validation préliminaire de la version québécoise du Memory Binding Test (MBT) : comparaison avec le Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) chez des personnes âgées de 55 ans et plus
Laflamme, E.†, Rioux, E., Breton, C., Brizard, N., Desjardins, S., Gagnon, S., Laplante, A., Pépin, E., Boller, B., Vallet, G. T.
Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 24, 90–101
Apport de la cognition incarnée à la maladie d’Alzheimer
Vallet, G. T., Durand, E.
Maladie d’Alzheimer. Approche intégrative
2025
An immersive ecological measure of noise-induced functional interference in adults swith hyperacusis
Bourez, P.†, Vallet, G. T., Gosselin, N., Bergeron, F., Fournier, P.
Hearing Research, 468, 109465
A French-Canadian Adaptation and Validation of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) and Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (Psi-Q)
Landry, C., Lessard, L., Saint-Louis, J.†, Gosselin, F., Charest, I., Taschereau-Dumouchel, V., Vallet, G.
Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology
A narrative review of strategies for discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine use and methodological recommendations: Is a success rate of only one in three patients sufficient?
Chapoutot, M., Meloni, F., Peter-Derex, L., Bastuji, H., Leslie, W., Schoendorff, B., Heinzer, R., Nicolas, A., Higgins, S., Bourgeois, A., Vallet, G. T., Anders, R., Ounnoughene, M. S., Khazaal, Y., Putois, B.
Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy, 35, 100533
2024
Validation of visual analog scales of mood and anxiety at the workplace
Dutheil, F., Palgen, C., Brousse, G., Cornet, T., Mermillod, M., Lakbar, I., Vallet, G., Baker, J. S., Schmidt, J., Charbotel, B., Pereira, B., Delamarre, L.
Plos One, 19, e0316159
Résumé
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is commonly used to detect depressive or anxious states, but its 14-item questionnaire is time-consuming. Visual analog scales (VAS) are easy to use and quick to implement. Although the VAS has been validated to assess pain and occupational stress, VAS scores for anxiety and mood have never been evaluated in the workplace. We aimed to validate the use of visual analog scales (VAS) for anxiety and mood compared to HADS in workers. A HADS self-reported questionnaire associated with VAS assessing perceived anxiety and mood on a horizontal line of 100 mm was administered to 182 workers, with a second test (retest) proposed one week later. Sociodemographic, characteristics of work, sleep, well-being, and stress were also assessed. VAS anxiety and mood correlated with the HADS sub-scores (0.70 and 0.65, respectively). The test-retest reliability was good. Optimal VAS cut-offs were ≥ 60/100 for anxiety and ≤ 60/100 for mood, to define at-risk patients. The VAS is quick to perform, easy to use, and reliable for screening depression and anxiety in occupational medicine. We recommend validated questionnaires for at-risk patients. Trial registration. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02596737 . Available at: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02596737 .
A French Adaptation and Validation of Retirement Semantic Differential (RSD)
Borel, L.†, Henning, G., Boller, B., Vallet, G. T.
Behavorial Sciences, 14, 891
Résumé
Retirement is associated with numerous representations, some of them being negative and the other positive. Yet, these representations affect the health of individuals in their transition to retirement. However, although the socio-political context in France favors the emergence of numerous representations of retired people, to our knowledge there is no scale validated in French that would allow us to evaluate them. Thus, the objective of this study was to adapt and validate a scale assessing representations of retired people, called the Retirement Semantic Differential (RSD), for a French population. The scale consists of a series of bipolar adjectives related to retirement, such as “active/passive” and “happy/sad”, with participants’ responses indicating the connotative meaning, positive or negative, about representations of retirement. A total of 279 participants aged 18 to 55 years, recruited online, completed the adapted version of the RSD. The results show that the scale has good psychometric properties. The analysis found a three-factor model, and some items were removed, resulting in a reduced version of the scale (11 items). The results will be discussed in terms of cultural and socio-political differences. This scale could contribute to a better understanding of the deleterious effects on health of the transition to retirement and serve to improve the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing the negative effects of these representations upon young retirees or those preparing for retirement.
Implicit ageism in dental students: General representations of ageing health and specific representations of the mouth
Piaton, S.†, Adam, S., Leroi-Roger, V., Vallet, G. T.
Educational Gerontology, 50, 659–670
Cognition incarnée et située : quand le langage est fait de sens et d’actions
Vallet, G. T., Durand, E.
Langage oral. Nouvelles approches incarnées de la parole atypique
La sensori-motricité au c\oeur de la mémoire, la mémoire au c\oeur de la cognition
Versace, R., Vallet, G. T., Héritier, T.
Fondements sensorimoteurs de la cognition, 113–123
Discrimination mnésique : substrats neurofonctionnels et applications cliniques
Mille, J.†, Purkart, P.†, Versace, R., Vallet, G. T.
Fondements sensorimoteurs de la cognition, 124–136
2023
Improving audiology student training by clinical simulation of tinnitus: a glimpse of tinnitus lived experience
Bourez, P.†, Vallet, G. T., Fournier, P.
Brain Sciences, 13, 1338
Résumé
Purpose: Student audiology training in tinnitus evaluation and management is heterogeneous and has been found to be insufficient. We designed a new clinical simulation laboratory for training students on psychoacoustic measurements of tinnitus: one student plays the role of the tinnitus patient, wearing a device producing a sound like tinnitus on one ear, while another student plays the role of the audiologist, evaluating their condition. The objective of the study was to test this new clinical simulation laboratory of tinnitus from the perspective of the students. Method: This study reports the findings from twenty-one audiology students (20 female and 1 male, mean age = 29, SD = 7.7) who participated in this laboratory for a mandatory audiology class at the Laval University of Quebec. Three students had hearing loss (one mild, two moderate). All students played the role of both the clinician and the patient, alternately. They also had to fill out a questionnaire about their overall experience of the laboratory. Results: The qualitative analysis revealed three main themes: “Benefits of the laboratory on future practice”, “Barriers and facilitators of the psychoacoustic assessment”, and “Awareness of living with tinnitus”. The participants reported that this experience would have a positive impact on their ability to manage tinnitus patients in their future career. Conclusion: This fast, cheap, and effective clinical simulation method could be used by audiology and other healthcare educators to strengthen students’ skills and confidence in tinnitus evaluation and management. The protocol is made available to all interested parties.
Specific form of ageism in dental care: Convergent validity of the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) and its implications for education
Piaton, S.†, Leroi-Roger, V., Vallet, G. T.
European Journal of Dental Education, 27, 368–376
Résumé
AbstractIntroductionThe World Health Organisation considers ageism as an important barrier to age‐appropriate care for older adults. An Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) has been validated in the United States, Brazil, Greece, Romania and in France. At present, the convergent validity of ASDS has never been evaluated. Moreover, a specialised and disciplinary tool as the ASDS may not overlap with more general ageism assessment which may highlight the need for specific courses during the education of the future health professionals.Materials and MethodsThe survey was administered from December 2020 to January 2021. All the undergraduate students of the last 3 years of study at the dental school of Clermont‐Ferrand were invited to complete both scales. Two hundred sixteen students were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group answered first Aging Semantic Differential‐ ASD then ASDS, the second in reverse order. The convergent validity between ASDS and ASD was assessed by computing a Pearson correlation coefficient and discriminant analysis between each component of the two scales.ResultsThe response rate was of 53.7%. The correlation analysis conducted on the total scores of the ASDS and of the ASD shows a significant, yet weak relationship. The discriminant analysis indicates that only the first component of the ASDS is significantly associated with each dimension of the ASD, whereas the second component is totally independent from the ASD and the third component almost independent from the ASD, except for the integrity dimension.ConclusionsThis specialised questionnaire may assess a form of ageism that is not captured at all in more general scales. Such a scale may help to identify the different dimensions of ageism among dental students which is required to reduce ageism in medical care. This reduction should pass by adapted courses in gerodontology.
Multitâche numérique : effets sur l’organisation et la performance à des tâches non-numériques
Gaujoux, V., Reynaud, E., Palluel-Germain, R., Vallet, G. T., Navarro, J., Osiurak, F.
L'Année Psychologique, 123, 63-89
Résumé
Cette étude s’intéresse à deux questions : la tendance au multitâche numérique reflète-t‑elle un comportement général et impacte-t‑elle les capacités cognitives ? Si tel est le cas, les utilisateurs multitâches de médias devraient adopter une organisation spontanément multitâche y compris pour réaliser quatre tâches non-numériques en vingt minutes, et devraient de fait obtenir de moins bonnes performances. Nos résultats ne supportent pas ces hypothèses, la tendance au multitâche numérique ne corrélant pas avec la performance ni avec le nombre de changements de tâche, et désignent des facteurs d’organisation propres à la nature des tâches à accomplir plutôt qu’à un comportement général. De manière intéressante, indifféremment du caractère multitâche, une consommation élevée de médias était liée à de meilleures performances à nos tâches. Ce résultat souligne la nécessité d’étudier plus profondément les déterminants de l’organisation face à des tâches multiples.
SOphrology intervention to improve WELL-being in hospital staff (SO-WELL): protocol for a randomized controlled trial study
Dutheil, F., Parreira, L. M., Pereira, B., Baldet, M., Marson, F., Chabaud, C., Blot, M., Baker, J., Zak, M., Vallet, G. T., Magnon, V.†, Clinchamps, M.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20, 1185
Résumé
Introduction: Stress at work and psychosocial risks are a major public health problem. Sophrology and neurolinguistic programming (NLP) have demonstrated benefits in terms of mental, physical and social health, both in the general population and in patients, and both in and out of hospital settings. However, these approaches have never been provided at the hospital for the benefit of health professionals at risk of suffering at work. In general, we aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of a hospital sophrology/NLP intervention for health care professionals at risk of stress-related disorders. The secondary objectives are to study (i) within-group, and (ii) between-group): (1) effects on mental, physical, and social health; (2) persistence of effect; (3) relationships between job perception and mental, physical, and social health; (4) intervention success factors (personality and job perception, attendance and practice, other); (5) effects on other stress biomarkers (other measures of autonomic nervous system activity, DHEAS, cortisol, etc.). Methods: Our study will be a randomized controlled prospective study (research involving the human person of type 2). The study will be proposed to any health-care workers (HCW) or any non-HCW (NHCW) from a healthcare institution (such as CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, other hospitals, clinics, retirement homes). Participants will benefit from NLP and sophrology interventions at the hospital. For both groups: (i) heart rate variability, skin conductance and saliva biomarkers will be assessed once a week during the intervention period (6 to 8 sophrology sessions) and once by month for the rest of the time; (ii) the short questionnaire will be collected once a week during the whole protocol (1–2 min); (iii) the long questionnaire will be assessed only 5 times: at baseline (M0), month 1 (M1), month 3 (M3), month 5 (M5) and end of the protocol (M7). Ethics and dissemination: The protocol, information and consent form had received the favorable opinion from the Ethics Committee. Notification of the approval of the Ethics Committee was sent to the study sponsor and the competent authority (ANSM). The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov under the identification number NCT05425511 after the French Ethics Committee’s approval. The results will be reported according to the CONSORT guidelines. Strengths and limitations of this study: The psychological questionnaires in this study are self-assessed. It is also possible that responses suffer from variation. For the study, participants need to attend 6 to 8 sophrology sessions and one visit per month for 7 months, which might seem demanding. Therefore, to make sure that participants will complete the protocol, two persons will be fully in charge of the participants’ follow-up.
Sensory overlap for specific memories only matters for poor memory traces
Mille, J.†, Silvert, L., Versace, R., Izaute, M., Vallet, G. T.
Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 19, 29–43
Mind your heart to bear the weight: Cardiac interoception predict action-related visual perception when wearing a heavy backpack
Magnon, V.†, Chausse, P., Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2232–2240
Résumé
Visual perception can be modulated by the physiological potential for action. For instance, it was famously shown that a geographical slant appears steeper when wearing a heavy backpack than not wearing any. However, those results are not always replicated. In the present exploratory study, we test the hypothesis that the backpack weight’s effect on perception relies on the ability of the cognitive system to integrate the physiological constraint’s change rather than the change itself. Young adults ( n = 54) wore an electrocardiogram monitor and completed a computerised task in which photographs of real geographical slants were displayed on a screen while wearing a heavy versus light backpack. The activity of the vagus nerve, as an index of physiological adaptability, was recorded as a proxy of the physiological state during the task. The participants also completed an interoception task assessing one’s ability to detect his or her own heartbeat as the index of integration ability of the cognitive system. While Bayesian analyses revealed no difference in angle estimation between carrying a heavy versus light backpack, the results indicated that interoception predicted less accurate angle estimation only when wearing a heavy backpack. In contrast, there was anecdotal evidence that vagal activity changes predicted visual perception. Interoception might thus play a crucial role in the interplay between the physiological potential for action and action-related visual perception.
First steps toward the French validation of the Memory Binding Test (fMBT)
Mille, J.†, Magnon, V.†, Izaute, M., Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
Topic in Cognitive Psychology, 123, 469–489
Résumé
Le test d’intégration mnésique (TIM) permet de repérer les atteintes débutantes de la mémoire. La nouveauté du test est de cibler l’intégration mnésique, processus précocement altéré dans la forme prodromale de la maladie d’Alzheimer. L’objectif de cette étude est d’adapter et valider en français ce test (fMBT) et d’explorer les effets de l’âge (16 jeunes adultes et 14 personnes âgées). Le fMBT présente une bonne à excellente validité convergente avec le RL/RI-16. La performance des jeunes adultes est supérieure à celle des personnes âgées pour presque tous les indices du fMBT. Le test est aussi sensible et spécifique que le RL/RI-16 pour distinguer les personnes âgées des jeunes adultes, mais le fMBT a l’avantage de ne pas produire d’effet plafond. Ce test pourrait donc servir à évaluer la mémoire d’adultes jeunes. Cette étude offre ainsi les premières étapes de la validation du fMBT. Il reste à déterminer si le fMBT permet bien de détecter des troubles subtiles de la mémoire.
Memory as a scale of simulation between overlapping and specific trace features
Mille, J.†, Purkart, R.†, Versace, R., Vallet, G. T.
Memory & Cognition, 875–897
Échelle de Cognition Numérique (NUMERICOG)
Virgo, J., Tarpin-Bernard, F., Chalvron, S., Reynaud, E., Fruitet, J., Palluel-Germain, R., Vallet, G. T., Osiurak, F.
European Review of Applied Psychology, 100873–100893
Liens entre déclin sensoriel et cognitif dans le vieillissement normal : Revue critique de la littérature et apports de l'approche incarnée et située de la cognition
Mille, J.†, Izaute, M., Vallet, G. T.
Psychologie Française, 68, 71–90
2022
Work-related stress of companies' directors during the first lockdown due to the COVID-19
Dutheil, F., Jeanton, C., Vilmant, A., Lambert, C., Clinchamps, M., Ugbolue, U., Schmidt, J., Vallet, G. T., Bouillon-Minois, J.-B.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Résumé
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and the first lockdown were particularly stressful with a major economic impact, but the impact on stress of company directors was not known. Therefore, this study aimed to assess that impact and the characteristics of companies the most at risk.MethodA online questionnaire was sent to 13,114 company. It assessed stress at work, number of employees, sector of activity, business activity rate and geographical location. It studied the mean stress levels, the percentage of stress > 8/10 and carried out an analysis of the characteristics of the most at-risk companies.ResultsA total of 807 company directors responded. Their stress levels increased by 25.9% during lockdown and 28.7% of them had a stress > 8/10. Sectors which had the biggest increase in stress levels during lockdown were retail trade, wholesale trade, and nursing homes. Sectors the most at risk of stress >8/10 during lockdown tended to be nursing homes, pharmacies, and IT activities. Biggest companies had the highest increase in stress levels.ConclusionThe first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the stress of company directors. Directors of large companies were the most exposed to stress as well as medical and IT activities.
The heart to make the right choice: Vagal (re)activity and recovery predict advantageous decision making
Magnon, V.†, Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
Physiology & Behavior, 254, 113911
Does heart rate variability predict better executive functioning? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Magnon, V.†, Vallet, G. T., Benson, A., Mermillod, M., Chausse, P., Lacroix, A., Bouillon-Minois, J.-B., Dutheil, F.
Cortex, 155, 218–236
Does an increase in Physiological indexes predict better Cognitive performance: The PhyCog randomized crossover protocol in type 2 diabetes
Magnon, V.†, Dutheil, F., Tauveron, I., Mille, J., Baker, J., Brusseau, V., Silvert, L., Izaute, M., Vallet, G. T.
BMJ Open, 12, e060057
Résumé
Introduction There has been a growing interest towards cognitive-training programmes to improve cognition and prevent cognitive impairment despite discrepant findings. Physical activity has been recognised in maintaining or improving cognitive ability. Based on a psychoneurophysiological approach, physiological indexes should partly determine neuronal dynamics and influence cognition as any effects of cognitive training. This study’s primary aim was to examine if improved physiological indexes predict improved cognitive variables in the context of a clinical intervention programme for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method and analysis PhyCog will be a 22-week randomised controlled trial comparing cognitive performance between three arms: (1) physical activity (1 month), a 15-day wash-out, then cognitive training (1 month), (2) cognitive training (1 month), a 15-day wash-out and physical activity (1 month), and (3) an active breathing condition (psychoeducation and resonance frequency breathing for 1 month), then a 15-day wash-out, and combined physical activity and cognitive training (1 month), allowing to determine the most effective intervention to prevent cognitive impairment associated with T2D. All participants will be observed for 3 months following the intervention. The study will include a total of 81 patients with T2D. Cognitive performance and physiological variables will be assessed at baseline (week 0—W0), during the washout (W5, 72–96 hours after week 4), at the end of the intervention (W10), and at the end of the follow-up (W22). The main variables of interest will be executive function, memory and attention. Physiological testing will involve allostatic load such as heart rate variability, microcirculation, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels. Sociodemographic and body composition will also be a consideration. Assessors will all be blinded to outcomes. To test the primary hypothesis, the relationship between improvement in physiological variables and improvement in cognitive variables (executive, memory and attention) will be collected. Ethics and dissemination This protocol was approved by the Est III French Ethics Committee (2020-A03228-31). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT04915339 .
Rôle des représentations sociales sur le vieillissement cognitif incarné et situé : L'exemple du passage à la retraite
Borel, L.†, Boller, B., Vallet, G. T.
Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 20, 372–308
Differences related to aging in sensorimotor knowledge: Investigation of perceptual strength and body object interaction
Miceli, A., Wauthia, E., Lefebvre, L., Vallet, G. T., Ris, L., Simoes Louereiro, I.
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 102, 104715
When does vagal activity benefit to the discrimination of highly overlapping memory traces
Magnon, V.†, Mille, J.†, Purkart, R., Izaute, M., Chausse, P., Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 177, 61–66
Assessment of sick building syndrome using visual analog scales
Dutheil, F., Vilmant, A., Boudet, G., Mermillod, M., Lesage, F.-X., Jalenques, I., Vallet, G. T., Schmidt, J., Bouillon-Minois, J.-B., Pereira, B.
Indoor Air, 32, e13024
The Negative Impact of Night Shifts on Diet in Emergency Healthcare Workers
Bouillon-Minois, J.-B., Thivel, D., Croizier, C., Ajebo, E., Cambier, S., Boudet, G., Adeyemi, O. J., Ugbolue, U. C., Bagheri, R., Vallet, G. T., Schmidt, J., Trousselard, M., Dutheil, F.
Nutrients, 14
Résumé
Despite the consequences of night-shift work, the diet of night-shift workers has not been widely studied. To date, there are no studies related to food intake among emergency healthcare workers (HCWs). We performed a prospective observational study to assess the influence of night work on the diet of emergency HCWs. We monitored 24-h food intake during a day shift and the consecutive night, and during night work and the daytime beforehand. We analyzed 184 emergency HCWs’ food intakes. Emergency HCWs had 14.7% lower (−206 kcal) of their 24-h energy intake during night shifts compared to their day-shift colleagues (1606.7 ± 748.2 vs. 1400.4 ± 708.3 kcal, p = 0.049) and a 16.7% decrease in water consumption (1451.4 ± 496.8 vs. 1208.3 ± 513.9 mL/day, p = 0.010). Compared to day shifts, night-shift had 8.7% lower carbohydrates, 17.6% proteins, and 18.7% lipids. During the night shift the proportion of emergency HCWs who did not drink for 4 h, 8 h and 12 h increased by 20.5%, 17.5%, and 9.1%, respectively. For those who did not eat for 4 h, 8 h and 12 h increased by 46.8%, 27.7%, and 17.7%, respectively. A night shift has a huge negative impact on both the amount and quality of nutrients consumed by emergency healthcare workers.
Playing "Guess who?": When an Episodic Specificity Induction increases trace distinctiveness and reduces memory errors during event reconstruction
Purkart, R.†, Mille, J.†, Versace, R., Vallet, G. T.
Memory, 30, 505–518
Ageism among psychology students: A comparative analysis between Belgium and Quebec (Canada)
Vallet, G. T., Marquet, M.*, Missoten, P., Adam, S.
Topics in Cognitive Psychology, 4, 589–612
Résumé
Cette étude visait à évaluer les attitudes âgistes chez les étudiants en psychologie qui sont, potentiellement, de futurs professionnels de la santé. Cette étude visait également à examiner si les attitudes des étudiants québécois étaient plus favorables que les attitudes des étudiants belges. Le Québec est en effet engagé dans différentes initiatives favorables aux aînés qui peuvent promouvoir différents facteurs socio-économiques associés à des attitudes plus positives envers eux. Un total de 236 étudiants en psychologie (81 Belges et 155 Québécois) ont répondu à différents questionnaires mesurant leurs attitudes. Les étudiants québécois exprimaient en effet des attitudes globalement moins négatives envers les aînés. Étant donné que les attitudes négatives peuvent influencer le choix de travailler avec des personnes âgées et entraîner des conséquences néfastes dans le contexte de l’évaluation et de soin, nous discutons différentes pistes visant à améliorer ces attitudes.
Executive dysfunctionin schizophrenia: Mediation by processing speed and its relationships with aging
Thuaire, F., Rondepierre, F., Vallet, G. T., Jalencques, I., Izaute, M.
Psychological Medicine, 52, 1126–1134
Résumé
AbstractBackgroundExecutive deficits are a core characteristic of schizophrenia. Yet, the origin of these impairments remains unclear as they may be caused by processing slowing. This issue is of particular interest for aging insofar as cognitive aging is also associated with a decline in executive functioning and a slowing of processing speed. As schizophrenia patients’ life expectancy increases, a better understanding of the origin of older patients’ cognitive deficits becomes essential so that healthcare can be adapted to suit them. This study aims to determine whether processing speed mediates how schizophrenia affects executive functions and whether these relationships are moderated by age.MethodsSixty-two schizophrenia patients (27 women) and 62 healthy comparison subjects matched for age (range: 18–76 years), gender and education performed neurocognitive tests to evaluate their executive functions (shifting, updating, inhibition and access) and processing speed.ResultsProcessing speed mediated the effect of schizophrenia on the four specific executive functions, and age moderated this mediation for shifting, updating and access, but in different ways. Age moderated the effect of processing speed on shifting, the direct effect of schizophrenia on access, and both the effect of processing speed and the direct effect of schizophrenia on updating.ConclusionsThis research highlights the need to evaluate processing speed routinely during therapeutic follow-up, as it is easy and simple to assess and appears to be at the heart of the cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Finally, processing speed abilities yield information about the evolution of cognition with aging in schizophrenia.
2021
Experience of general practice residents caring for dependent elderly during the first COVID-19 lockdown – A qualitative study
Augros, J.†, Dutheil, F., Benson, A., Sauvant-Rochat, M.-P., Boudet, G., Laporte, C., Cambon, B., Vallet, G.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 12281
Résumé
Background: Understanding the experiences of general practice (GP) residents caring for dependent elderly people during the first lockdown as part of the countries COVID-19 pandemic strategy. The aim was to explore themes that could explain the gap between the missions and values at the heart of GP practice during this period of strict isolation. Method: Qualitative study using an iterative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 GP residents using a pre-established interview guide. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed according to a coding grid, developed using Nvivo software (NVivo Qualitative Data Analysis Software; QSR International Pty Ltd. Version Release 1.5.1 (940) 2021), to identify emerging themes. Results: Three themes emerged from this qualitative research: cognitive dissonance, psychosocial risks, and fear. General practice residents have lived in the paradox between care and deprivation of liberty of dependent elderly people. Conclusion: The results suggest that the GP residents experienced a form of work-related suffering in this situation of deprivation of liberty of dependent elderly people. The present research serves as a pilot study to explore how GP residents experienced their care of locked-up dependent elderly people.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for the discontinuation of long-term benzodiazepine use in insomnia and anxiety disorders
Chapoutot, M., Peter-Derex, L., Bastuji, H., Leslie, W., Schoendorff, B., Heinzer, R., Siclari, F., Nicolas, A., Lemoine, P., Higgins, S., Bourgeois, A., Vallet, G. T., Anders, R., Ounnoughene, M., Spencer, J., Meloni, F., Putois, B.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 10222
Résumé
Benzodiazepines have proven to be highly effective for treating insomnia and anxiety. Although considered safe when taken for a short period of time, a major risk–benefit dilemma arises in the context of long-term use, relating to addiction, withdrawal symptoms, and potential side effects. For these reasons, benzodiazepines are not recommended for treating chronic sleep disorders, anxiety disorders, nor for people over the age of 65, and withdrawal among long-term users is a public health issue. Indeed, only 5% of patients manage to discontinue using these drugs on their own. Even with the help of a general practitioner, this rate does not exceed 25 to 30% of patients, of which approximately 7% manage to remain drug-free in the long term. Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBT) offer a crucial solution to this problem, having been shown to increase abstinence success to 70–80%. This article examines traditional and novel CBT techniques in this regard, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, which address both the underlying condition (insomnia/anxiety) and the substance-related disorder. The theoretical framework and evidence supporting the use of these approaches are reviewed. Finally, current research gaps are discussed, and key research perspectives are proposed.
Benefits from one session of deep and slow breathing on vagal tone and anxiety in young and older adults
Magnon, V.†, Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
Scientific Report, 11, 19267
Résumé
AbstractAnxiety is recognized as a major health issue and is quite prevalent among older adults. An efficient way to manage anxiety is abdominal breathing. Breathing exercises seem to reduce anxiety and to increase parasympathetic activity assessed by HRV indexes. Yet, the effect of abdominal breathing on physiological stress (HRV) and anxiety in older adults remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the effects of deep and slow breathing (DSB, low inhale/exhale ratio) on physiological stress and anxiety in older adults (n = 22) in comparison with younger ones (n = 25). DSB increased significantly HFpower and reduced state anxiety in both younger and older adults. Interestingly, the increased in HF power was significantly higher among older adults than younger ones. As expected, the ratio inhale/exhale being not equal, RMSSD did not increase following DSB. Thus, we provide evidence suggesting that DSB is more beneficial to older adults than younger ones to restore vagal outflow. Despite future work being required, those results provide relevant clinical application leads to manage state anxiety among older adults and to promote successfull aging.
Sedentary lifestyle matters as past sedentariness, but not current sedentariness, predicts cognitive inhibition per-formance among college students: An exploratory study
Magnon, V.†, Vallet, G. T., Dutheil, F., Auxiette, C.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 7649
Résumé
Background: Currently, sedentariness is assessed over a short period of time, thus it is difficult to study its cognitive implications. To investigate the cognitive consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, the past level (i.e., the sedentary time accumulated over the years) and current level of sedentariness should be considered. This pilot study aimed to investigate the negative association between a sedentary lifestyle and cognition by considering both the current and past sedentariness. It was expected that the physical activity level moderates the potential negative association between sedentariness and cognition. Methods: 52 college students (Mage = 20.19, SDage = 2; 36 women) participated in the study. Current sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time in the last year), past sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time accumulated in previous years), and physical activity (ratio of time spent in physical activity in years) were assessed using a questionnaire. Cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating were measured through three specific tests. Results: Past sedentariness significantly explained the inhibition performance when controlled for physical activity, whereas current sedentariness did not. More precisely, past sedentariness only negatively predicted cognitive inhibition when the physical activity level was low (β = −3.15, z(48) = −2.62, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The impact of sedentariness on cognitive functioning might only be revealed when past sedentariness and physical activity are controlled.
Low-resolution neurocognitive aging and cognition: An embodied perspective
Mille, J.†, Brambati, S. M., Izaute, M., Vallet, G. T.
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 15, 687393
Résumé
Consistent with embodied cognition, a growing evidence in young adults show that sensorimotor processing is at the core of cognition. Considering that this approach predicts direct interaction between sensorimotor processing and cognition, embodied cognition may thus be particularly relevant to study aging, since this population is characterized by concomitant changes in sensorimotor and cognitive processing. The present perspective aims at showing the value and interest to explore normal aging throughout embodiment by focusing on the neurophysiological and cognitive changes occurring in aging. To this end, we report some of the neurophysiological substrates underpinning the perceptual and memory interactions in older adults, from the low and high perceptual processing to the conjunction in the medial temporal lobe. We then explore how these changes could explain more broadly the cognitive changes associated with aging in terms of losses and gains.
Protocol of the Study on Emergency health care workers' responses Evaluated by Karasek questionnaire: The SEEK-study protocol
Bouillon-Minois, J.-B., Trousselard, M., Pereira, B., Schmidt, J., Clinchamps, M., Thivel, D., Ugbolue, U. C., Moustafa, F., Occelli, C., Vallet, G. T., Dutheil, F.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 4068
Résumé
Background: Stress is a significant public health concern that can be self-evaluated using the job control demands model from Karasek. Emergency health care workers are particularly exposed to stress because of the intrinsic characteristics associated with the job (i.e., life-threatening emergencies, overcrowding, lack of bed spaces). However, these attributes have never been studied using the Karasek model. Methods: An observational, prospective, multicentric study in French Emergency Departments will be conducted using a cohort of emergency health care workers. Four questionnaires before a control day and after a nightshift will be assessed every 5 years in the same emergency departments. Also, the Karasek questionnaire, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, the Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale, and a food intake questionnaire will be evaluated. Salivary biomarkers (cortisol, immunoglobulin A, lysozyme) will be collected from every emergency health care worker who consents to participating in the study. Conclusion: This study will provide a point of care for the emergency health care workers’ stress situation every 5 years. Ethics: This protocol was registered in Clinical Trials under the identification NCT02401607 after the French Ethics Committee’s approval.
The retrospective and present judgment of the passage of time in the elderly
Droit-Volet, S., Martinelli, N., Dambrun, M., Vallet, G. T., Lorandi, F.†
Timing & Time Perception, 9, 335–352
Résumé
Abstract This study examined the judgment of the passage of time in elderly people living in retirement homes, focusing on the passage of time experienced in the present and that judged retrospectively for short periods (last day, week, month) and longer periods of life (last year, now compared with five years ago, as we get older). Participants’ cognitive abilities and feelings of happiness were also assessed among other dimensions. Results showed no significant relationship between these three forms of judgment of the passage of time, except between the judgment of the passage of time for the present and for the day. In addition, the level of happiness was a significant predictor of both the momentary judgment of the passage of time and the retrospective judgment of the passage of time for shorter periods. In contrast, the individual differences in cognitive abilities better explained differences in the retrospective judgment of the passage of time for longer periods. As discussed, the different forms of judgment of the passage of time are therefore based on different cognitive mechanisms.
Les sens de la mémoire
Mille, J.†, Magnon, V.†, Versace, R., Vallet, G. T.
Intellectica, 74, 185–209
\og Mettre du c\oeur/corps à l'ouvrage \fg : une approche psycho-physiologique de la cognition incarnée.
Magnon, V.†, Mille, J.†, Dutheil, F., Vallet, G. T.
Intellectica, 74, 51–78
2020
Executive functions in schizophrenia aging: Differential effects of age within specific executive functions
Thuaire, F., Rondepierre, F., Bacon, E., Vallet, G. T., Jalencques, I., Izaute, M.
Cortex, 125, 109–121
Education as a moderator of the relationship between episodic memory and amyloid load in normal aging
Joannette, M., Bocti, C., Sévigny-Dupont, P., Lavallée, M. M.†, Nikelski, J., Vallet, G. T., Chertkow, H., Joubert, S.
Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences, 75, 1820–1826
Résumé
Abstract The current study explored whether education, a proxy of cognitive reserve, modifies the association between episodic memory (EM) performance and βeta-amyloid load (Aβ), a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease, in a cohort of cognitively normal older adults. One hundred and four participants (mean age 73.3 years) evenly spread out in three bands of education were recruited. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment, structural MRI as well as PET imaging to quantify Aβ load. Moderation analyses and the Johnson–Neyman technique were carried out to examine the interaction of education with Aβ load to predict EM performance. Linear regressions were then performed within each group of education to better illustrate the interaction effect (all analyses were controlled for age and sex). The interaction between education and Aβ load was significant (p < .05) for years of education, reaching a cutoff point of 13.5 years, above which the relationship between Aβ load and EM was no longer significant. Similarly, significant associations were found between Aβ and EM among participants with secondary (p < .01) and pre-university education (p < .01), but not with a university degree (p = .253). EM performance is associated with Aβ load in cognitively normal older individuals, and this relationship is moderated by educational attainment.
Amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities mediate age-related cognitive differences
Dupont-Sévigny, P., Bocti, C., Joannette, M., Lavallée, M. M.†, Nikelski, J., Vallet, G. T., Chertkow, H., Joubert, S.
Neurobiology of Aging, 86, 16–26
2019
“Does it improve the mind's eye?”: Sensorimotor simulation in episodic event construction
Purkart, R.†, Versace, R., Vallet, G. T.
Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1403
Améliorer la remémoration d'évènements autobiographiques et l'imagination d'évènements futurs grâce à l'Induction de Spécificité Épisodique : adaptation et validation en Français
Purkart, R.†, Vallet, G. T., Versace, R.
L'Année Psychologique, 118, 25–53
Résumé
L’Induction de Spécificité Épisodique (ISE) est un court entraînement à la récupération des détails d’une expérience permettant d’augmenter la production de détails épisodiques (internes) lors de la description subséquente d’un nouvel événement. L’ISE s’est avérée efficace pour différentes populations, dont les personnes âgées, et dans de nombreuses tâches (remémoration, imagination, résolution de problèmes…). Cependant, l’ISE n’a pas encore été adaptée et validée en français. Cette étude propose de réaliser ce travail auprès de jeunes adultes sans trouble cognitif. Les participants ont reçu une ISE ou une Induction Contrôle (IC) avant une tâche de remémoration et d’imagination. Les participants ont produit davantage de détails internes et moins de détails externes (sémantiques) après l’ISE qu’après l’IC aux deux tâches. Cette méthode permettrait d’étudier l’influence des processus épisodiques sur une tâche donnée, et d’envisager le développement d’un protocole de stimulation cognitive bénéficiant aux individus présentant une spécificité réduite comme observé pour les personnes âgées.Episodic Specificity Induction (ESI) – a brief training in recollecting details of a recent event—increases the production of episodic (internal) details in the subsequent description of a recalled or imagined event (i.e. memory or imagination tasks). The absence of a French adaptation and validation of the ESI does not currently allow French-speaking researchers to benefit from the theoretical and practical interests offered by this method. The present study proposes to carry out this work with young adults without cognitive impairment. Participants received the ESI or a control induction (CI) about details of a recently viewed videotape, prior to the memory and imagination tasks. They produced more internal details and fewer external (semantic) details after the ESI than after the CI, for both tasks. This method could allow to study the influence of episodic processes on a given task, and to inspire the development of a cognitive stimulation program.
ObesiStress: Stress management in obesity during a thermal SPA residential programme – protocol for a randomised controlled trial study
Dutheil, F., Chaplais, E., Vilmant, A., Courteix, D., Duche, P., Abergel, A., Pfabigan, D., Han, S., Mondillon, L., Vallet, G. T., Mermillod, M., Boudet, G., Obert, P., Izem, O., Miolabbe-Debouit, M., Farigon, N., Pereira, B., Boirie, Y.
BMJ Open, 9, e027058
Résumé
Introduction Stress and obesity are two public health issues. The relationship between obesity and stress is biological through the actions of stress on the major hormones that regulate appetite (leptin and ghrelin). Many spa resorts in France specialise in the treatment of obesity, but no thermal spa currently proposes a specific programme to manage stress in obesity. The ObesiStress protocol has been designed to offer a new residential stress management programme. This thermal spa treatment of obesity implements stress management strategies as suggested by international recommendations. Methods and analysis 140 overweight or obese participants with a Body Mass Index of >25 kg/m 2 and aged over 18 years will be recruited. Participants will be randomised into two groups: a control group of usual practice (restrictive diet, physical activity and thermal spa treatment) and an intervention group with stress management in addition to the usual practice. In the present protocol, parameters will be measured on five occasions (at inclusion, at the beginning of the spa (day 0), at the end of the spa (day 21), and at 6 and 12 months). The study will assess the participants’ heart rate variability, cardiac remodelling and function, electrodermal activity, blood markers, anthropometric profile, body composition, psychology and quality of life via the use of questionnaires and bone parameters. Ethics and dissemination The ObesiStress protocol complies with the ethics guidelines for Clinical Research and has been approved by the ethics committee (CPP Sud-Est VI, Clermont-Ferrand - ANSM: 2016-A01774-47). This study aimed to highlight the efficacy of a 21-day thermal spa residential programme of stress management in obesity through objective measurements of well-being and cardiovascular morbidity. Results will be disseminated during several research conferences and articles published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT03578757 .
Effects of a short residential thermal spa program to prevent work-related stress/burnout on stress biomarkers: A proof of concept study
Dutheil, F., Chaplais, E., Vilmant, A., Lanoir, D., Courteix, D., Duche, P., Abergel, A., Pfabigan, D., Han, S., Mondillon, L., Vallet, G. T., Mermillod, M., Boudet, G., Obert, P., Izem, O., Boirie, Y., Pereira, B., Lesage, F.-X.
Journal of International Medical Research, 47, 5130–5145
Résumé
Objective Work-related stress is a public health issue. Stress has multiple physical and psychological consequences, the most serious of which are increased mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. The ThermStress protocol was designed to offer a short residential thermal spa program for work-related stress prevention that is compatible with a professional context. Methods Participants will be 56 male and female workers aged 18 years or above. All participants will undergo a 6-day residential spa program comprising psychological intervention, physical activity, thermal spa treatment, health education, eating disorder therapy and a follow-up. On six occasions, participants’ heart rate variability, cardiac remodelling and function, electrodermal activity, blood markers, anthropometry and body composition, psychology and quality of life will be measured using questionnaires and bone parameters. Results This study protocol reports the planned and ongoing research for this intervention. Discussion The ThermStress protocol has been approved by an institutional ethics committee (ANSM: 2016 A02082 49). It is expected that this proof of concept study will highlight the effect of a short-term specific residential thermal spa program on the prevention of occupational burnout and work-related stress. The findings will be disseminated at several research conferences and in published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT 03536624, 24/05/2018)
Posterior cortical atrophy: Impact on activities of daily living and exploration of a cognitive rehabilitation approach
El Samra, A., Bier, N., Bottari, C., Vallet, G. T., Carignan, M., Brambati, S., Demers, L., Rouleau, I.
Cogent Psychology, 6, 1634911
Visual and auditory perceptual strength norms for 3,596 French nouns and their relationship with other psycholinguistic variables
Chedid, G., Brambati, S. M., Bedetti, C., Rey, A., Wilson, M., Vallet, G. T.
Behavior Research Methods, 5, 2094-2105
Norms of concept familiarity and emotional valence for 3,596 French nouns and their contribution in lexical decision
Chedid, G., Wilson, M., Bedetti, C., Rey, A., Vallet, G. T., Brambati, S. M.
Behavior Research Methods, 51, 2238–2247
When Motion Improves Working Memory
Plancher, G., Mazeres, F., Vallet, G. T.
Memory, 27, 410–416
Sleep Does not Help Relearning Declarative Memories in Older Adults
Gerbier, E., Vallet, G. T., Toppino, T. C., Mazza, S.
Proceedings of the 41\textsuperscriptrd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
2018
Sedentary behavior at work and cognitive functioning: A systematic review
Magnon, V.†, Vallet, G. T., Auxiette, C.
Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 239
French validation of the Work Addiction Risk Test questionnaire
Ravoux, H., Pereira, B., Brousse, G., Dewavrin, S., Cornet, T., Mermillod, M., Mondillon, L., Vallet, G. T., Moustafa, F., Dutheil, F.
JMIR Mental Health, 13, e12
Sleep on your memory traces: How sleep effects can be explained by Act-In, a functional memory model
Cherdieu, M., Rey, A., Versace, R., Vallet, G. T., Mazza, S.
Sleep Medicine Reviews, 39, 155–163
Cognition incarnée : Une cognition située et projetée
Versace, R., Brouillet, D., Vallet, G. T.
Bruxelles : Mardaga
2017
A SEMantic and EPisodic Memory Test (SEMEP) developed within the embodied cognition framework: Application to normal aging, Alzheimer's disease and Semantic Dementia
Vallet, G. T., Hudon, C., Bier, N., Macoir, J., Versace, R., Simard, M.
Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1493
Comprehension of concrete and abstract words in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer's disease: A behavioral and neuroimaging study
Joubert, S., Vallet, G. T., Montembeault, M., Boukadi, M., Wilson, M. A., Laforce, R. J., Rouleau, I., Brambati, S.
Brain & Language, 170, 93–102
The visual grounding of words: A memory reactivated mask slows down conceptual access
Rey, A. E., Riou, B., Vallet, G. T., Versace, R.
Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71, 14–22
2016
Normative data for phonemic and semantic verbal fluency test in the adult French-Quebec population and validation study in Alzheimer's Disease and depression
St-Hilaire, A., Hudon, C., Vallet, G. T., Bherer, L., Lussier, M., Gagnon, J.-F., Simard, M., Gosselin, N., Escudier, F., Rouleau, I., Macoir, J.
The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30, 1126–1150
Alzheimer's disease and memory strength: Gradual decline of memory traces as a function of their strength
Vallet, G. T., Rouleau, I., Langlois, R., Benoit, S., Barbeau, E., Joubert, S.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 38, 648–660
A qualitative impairment in face perception in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from a reduced face inversion effect
Lavallée, M.†, Gandini, D., Rouleau, I., Vallet, G. T., Joannette, M., Kergoat, M.-J., Busigny, T., Rossion, B., Joubert, S.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 51, 1225–1236
2015
Editorial: Dynamics of sensorimotor interactions in embodied cognition
Vallet, G. T., Brunel, L., Riou, B., Vermeulen, N.
Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1929
Memory tricks on me: Perceptual bias induced by a conceptual size in Ebbinghaus illusion
Rey, A. E., Vallet, G. T., Riou, B., Lesourd, M., Versace, R.
Acta Psychologica, 161, 104–109
Embodied cognition of aging
Vallet, G. T.
Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 463
Facilitating effect of multimodal letter encoding on reading and spelling in 5-year-old children
Labat, H., Vallet, G. T., Magnan, A., Ecalle, J.
Applied Cognitive Psychology, 29, 381–391
Résumé
SummaryParking manoeuvring was studied in a driving simulator. Younger and older participants were classified according to the extent of their visual and attentional fields of view. The manoeuvres were made either in the presence of a spatial reference on the adjacent pavement (a pedestrian or a parking meter) or with no reference. It was found that the length of manoeuvres varied only among younger drivers depending on the type of spatial reference and the extent of their visual and attentional fields. The participants with wider fields took advantage of the presence of a pedestrian or a parking meter, whereas those with a narrower field of view did not. Furthermore, the individuals with a narrower field of view were disturbed by the presence of a pedestrian on the pavement. This study provides new information to consider in relation to the safety of manoeuvring among drivers with different visual and attentional capacities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceptual processing affects the reactivation of a sensory dimension during a categorization task
Riou, B., Rey, A. E., Vallet, G. T., Cuny, C., Versace, R.
Quaterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 1223–1230
Résumé
We are usually able to recognize novel instances of familiar faces with little difficulty, yet recognition of unfamiliar faces can be dramatically impaired by natural within-person variability in appearance. In a card-sorting task for facial identity, different photos of the same unfamiliar face are often seen as different people. Here we report two card-sorting experiments in which we manipulate whether participants know the number of identities present. Without constraints, participants sort faces into many identities. However, when told the number of identities present, they are highly accurate. This minimal contextual information appears to support viewers in “telling faces together”. In Experiment 2 we show that exposure to within-person variability in the sorting task improves performance in a subsequent face-matching task. This appears to offer a fast route to learning generalizable representations of new faces.
Normative data for the Rappel libre/Rappel indic\'e \`a 16 items (16-item Free and Cued Recall) in the elderly Quebec-French population
Dion, M., Potvin, O., Belleville, S., Ferland, G., Renaud, M., Bherer, L., Joubert, S., Vallet, G. T., Simard, M., Rouleau, I., Lecomte, S., Macoir, J., Hudon, C.
The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 28, 1-19
Grounded conceptual \mboxknowledge: emergence from sensorimotor interactions
Brunel, L., Vallet, G. T., Riou, B. A., Rey, A., Versace, R.
Foundations of \mboxEmbodied Cognition, vol.~2, 108–124
2014
Duration estimation and the temporal structure of sounds
Vallet, G. T., Schutz, M., Shore, D. I.
Perception, 7, 616–630
Résumé
The present study demonstrated that friction cues for target motion affect time-to-contact (TTC) estimation. A circular target moved in a linear path with a constant velocity and was gradually occluded by a static rectangle. The target moved with forward and backward spins or without spin. Observers were asked to respond at the time when the moving target appeared to pass the occluder. The results showed that TTC was significantly longer in the backward spin condition than in the forward and without-spin conditions. Moreover, similar results were obtained when a sound was used to imply friction. Our findings indicate that the observer's experiential knowledge of motion coupled with friction intuitively modulated their TTC estimation.
Comparaison des performances à l'\'epreuve des 15 mots de Rey et au RL/RI 16 dans le vieillissement normal et la démence de type Alzheimer.
Drolet, V., Vallet, G. T., Imbeault, H., Lecomte, S., Limoges, F., Joubert, S., Rouleau, I.
G\'eriatrie et Psychologie \mboxNeuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 12, 218–226
ACT-IN: An integrated view of memory mechanisms
Versace, R., Vallet, G. T., Riou, B., Lesourd, M., Labeye, E., Brunel, L.
Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 26, 280–306
Getting a tool gives wings: Underestimation of effort for tool actions
Osiurak, F., Morgado, N., Vallet, G. T., Drot, M., Palluel-Germain, R.
Psychological Research, 78, 1–9
2013
The perceptual nature of audiovisual interactions for semantic knowledge in young and elderly adults
Vallet, G. T., Simard, M., Versace, R., Mazza, S.
Acta Psychologica, 143, 253–260
The disconnection syndrome in the Alzheimer's disease: The cross-modal priming example
Vallet, G. T., Hudon, C., Simard, M., Versace, R.
Cortex, 49, 2402–2415
When seing a dog activates the bark: Multisensory generalization and distinctiveness effects
Brunel, L., Goldstone, R., Vallet, G. T., Riou, B., Versace, R.
Experimental Psychology, 60, 100–112
Résumé
Fingers offer a practical tool to represent and manipulate numbers during the acquisition of arithmetic knowledge, usually with a greater involvement in addition and subtraction than in multiplication. In adults, brain-imaging studies show that mental arithmetic increases activity in areas known for their contribution to finger movements. It is unclear, however, if this truly reflects functional interactions between the processes and/or representations controlling finger movements and those involved in mental arithmetic, or a mere anatomical proximity. In this study we assessed whether finger movements interfere with basic arithmetic problem solving, and whether this interference is specific for the operations that benefit the most from finger-based calculation strategies in childhood. In Experiment 1, we asked participants to solve addition, subtraction, and multiplication problems either with their hands at rest or while moving their right-hand fingers sequentially. The results showed that finger movements induced a selective time cost in solving addition and subtraction but not multiplication problems. In Experiment 2, we asked participants to solve the same problems while performing a sequence of foot movements. The results showed that foot movements produced a nonspecific interference with all three operations. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the specific role of finger-related processes in solving addition and subtraction problems, suggesting that finger movements and mental arithmetic are functionally related.
2012
Pr\'eparation \`a r\'eagir et vieillissement : synth\`ese et nouvelles perspectives de recherche dans l'\'etude des effets pr\'eparatoires.
Vallet, G. T., Fortin, C., Simard, M.
Ann\'ee Psychologique, 112, 309–339
Résumé
Résumé La capacité à réagir rapidement joue un rôle crucial dans la survie de l’individu. Pourtant, l’étude des effets préparatoires indique que cette capacité serait réduite avec le vieillissement. La possibilité de se préparer, grâce à un délai entre un signal avertisseur et la cible, permet une réaction plus rapide. Cette facilitation dépend de nombreux facteurs, dont la constance de la période préparatoire. Au plan neuropsychologique, les lobes frontaux joueraient un rôle clé dans la préparation. Or, ceux-ci sont les premiers à être altérés dans le vieillissement. Cet article propose une synthèse d’études sur les effets préparatoires au cours du vieillissement normal. Il en ressort que les aînés présentent, outre un classique ralentissement, une difficulté particulière à se préparer à l’arrivée d’événements plus incertains. Les données appuient l’existence de deux processus, l’un stratégique et dépendant de l’intégrité du cortex préfrontal ; le second plus automatique et sous-tendu par un réseau cérébral plus étendu.
Exploring the contradictory results on the cross-modal priming effect in normal aging: A critical review of the literature
Vallet, G. T., Simard, M., Versace, R.
Psychology of Priming, 101–122
2011
L'alt\'eration des connaissances s\'emantiques est-elle li\'ee \`a une alt\'eration du traitement perceptif ? \'Etude des atteintes cat\'egories-sp\'ecifiques dans la d\'emence s\'emantique
Vallet, G. T., Simard, M., Fortin, C., Versace, R., Mazza, S.
G\'eriatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 9, 327–335
Sensory-dependent knowledge in young and elderly adults: Arguments from the cross-modal priming effect.
Vallet, G. T., Simard, M., Versace, R.
Current Aging Science, 4, 137–149
The Sensory-dependent nature of audio-visual Interactions for semantic knowledge
Vallet, G. T., Riou, B., Versace, R., Simard, M.
Proceedings of the 33\textsuperscriptrd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2077–2082
2010
The Perceptual Nature of the Cross-Modal Priming Effect: Arguments in Favor of a Sensory-Based Conception of Memory
Vallet, G. T., Brunel, L., Versace, R.
Experimental Psychology, 57, 376–382
Résumé
The aim of this study was to demonstrate that the cross-modal priming effect is perceptual and therefore consistent with the idea that knowledge is modality dependent. We used a two-way cross-modal priming paradigm in two experiments. These experiments were constructed on the basis of a two-phase priming paradigm. In the study phase of Experiment 1, participants had to categorize auditory primes as “animal” or “artifact”. In the test phase, they had to perform the same categorization task with visual targets which corresponded either to the auditory primes presented in the study phase (old items) or to new stimuli (new items). To demonstrate the perceptual nature of the cross-modal priming effect, half of the auditory primes were presented with a visual mask (old-masked items). In the second experiment, the visual stimuli were used as primes and the auditory stimuli as targets, and half of the visual primes were presented with an auditory mask (a white noise). We hypothesized that if the cross-modal priming effect results from an activation of modality-specific representations, then the mask should interfere with the priming effect. In both experiments, the results corroborated our predictions. In addition, we observed a cross-modal priming effect from pictures to sounds in a long-term paradigm for the first time.
The Sensory nature of knowledge: generalization vs. specification Mechanisms
Brunel, L., Vallet, G. T., Versace, R.
Proceedings of the 31\textsuperscriptrd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2789–2794
† Personne étudiante supervisée. * Premiers auteurs à contribution égale.
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